FORCES AND FORMS OF DOCTORAL EDUCATION
HANNOVER RECOMMENDATIONS 2019
In September 2019 a group of experts from around the world, education researchers together with leaders of doctoral education, Early Career Researchers and funding agency representatives, met at an international conference in Hannover to discuss ‘Forces and Forms in Doctoral Education Worldwide’. We are grateful for the active engagement of all participants and for generous support by the Volkswagen Foundation for the conference. Over several months five expert working groups produced position
papers (www.doctoral-education.info) which were presented and discussed at the conference. The joint expert group with input from the participants has the following recommendations to improve doctoral education worldwide, to facilitate the development of the researchers of the future around the globe, and to develop a more inclusive and respectful research environment.